acidity regulator INS 338

Phosphoric Acid E338

acidulant, sequestrant — Primarily synthetic.

🇪🇺 EU: Approved
🇺🇸 USA: Approved
🇯🇵 Japan: Approved
🇦🇺 AU/NZ: Approved
🇨🇦 Canada: Approved
Scientific Name

Orthophosphoric acid

CAS: 7664-38-2

Data verified: 2026-04-04

Factual Regulatory Reference

This database provides factual regulatory information compiled from official government sources. It does not constitute medical, nutritional, or safety advice. Regulatory status varies by country and is subject to change. Always refer to your local regulatory authority for the most current information.

? Did You Know?

Global production scale: Global production exceeds 40 million tonnes annually, primarily for fertilizers

Beyond food, Phosphoric Acid is also used in cosmetics, medicine, industrial applications, household products. Its versatility makes it one of the most multi-purpose chemical compounds in everyday life.

Detailed Regulatory Assessment

🇪🇺

European Union (EFSA)

approved Max: varies by category mg/kg

Quantum satis in many categories; specific limits in others due to phosphate intake concerns

Official EFSA Link
🇺🇸

United States (FDA)

approved GRAS

Widely used in cola beverages

🇯🇵

Japan (MHLW)

approved Cat: 指定添加物

Compliant with Japanese food sanitation law.

Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI)

International Standard (JECFA)

0-70 mg/kg bw/day (as phosphorus)

mg/kg body weight per day

European Standard (EFSA)

40 mg/kg bw/day (as phosphorus)

Natural Occurrence

This additive is not known to occur naturally in significant quantities.

Manufacturing

Method: chemical synthesis

Commercially produced by two main methods: (1) Wet process - treating phosphate rock (calcium phosphate) with sulfuric acid, or (2) Thermal process - burning elemental phosphorus in air to form phosphorus pentoxide, then hydrating it. Food-grade phosphoric acid uses the thermal process for higher purity. Global production exceeds 40 million tonnes annually, primarily for fertilizers.

Applications Beyond Food

Cosmetics

pH adjuster in skincare and dental products.

Medical

pH adjuster, dental etchant, pharmaceutical intermediate.

Industrial

Rust removal, metal treatment, fertilizer production (85% of production), detergents, water treatment.

Household

Rust removers, cleaning products, descalers.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Phosphoric Acid (E338)?
Phosphoric Acid (E338) is a acidity regulator used in food products. It is acidulant, sequestrant and synthetic. Phosphoric acid does not occur naturally in free form. Phosphates (salts of phosphoric acid) are abundant in nature, found in rocks, bones, and as essential components of all living cells (DNA, ATP, cell membranes).
What is the ADI for Phosphoric Acid?
The Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) for Phosphoric Acid is 0-70 mg/kg bw/day (as phosphorus) as established by JECFA (Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives). ADI represents the amount that can be consumed daily over a lifetime without appreciable health risk.
What foods contain Phosphoric Acid?
Phosphoric Acid is used in various food categories including Flavoured drinks (cola beverages), Cheese and cheese products. It is used as a acidity regulator in these products.
Is Phosphoric Acid the same as Orthophosphoric acid?
Yes, Phosphoric Acid is also known as Orthophosphoric acid, Phosphoric(V) acid, O-Phosphoric acid. These are different names for the same substance.